Gender Roles Of Women And Men - 1464 Words

Introduction: Gender Roles in media is how women and men are portrayed in everyday media such as tv shows, movies, and music. Today media can have negative effects on the thought of gender roles in the society because more and more people stereotype following the media, while stereotyping can lead to prejudices and gender discrimination. This is a controversial issue because men and women are depicted a certain way with unequal and identified gender-related stereotypes which influence the society of the 21st century. Men have always taken the dominant position in the society. The development of such a prejudiced view of gender roles caused the development of women’s inferiority. Gender roles in media effects cracking or breaking the†¦show more content†¦In the show the female character is always sexualized and portrayed in this risquà © light. The show depicts Mary Jane in a negative image because she becomes involved with a married man. Also, in the show the character is v ery determined to be successful in her occupation but many male in society would label her as a â€Å"bitch† when in reality she is not.† This quote shows that when women act the same way as men do in a professional atmosphere they would be labeled as selfish and domineering. If women don t act the way society wants them too then it is seen as disrespectful and then would be look upon in a negative way. After that women develop a bad reputation that sticks around developing a new stereotype for all women. Written in the same article another example is shown, â€Å"In both DC and Marvel superhero movies majority of the heroes are males. There have been many movies franchise such as Batman, Spider-man, Hulk, Superman, Iron Man, and Captain America with male superheroes. However, there have been very few with female superheroes. Catwomen is one of the few films that centers on a female lead.† This quote shows that in the media presented to an audience of va riety of people, gender roles are displayed showing that only men can really be a superhero whereas women aren’t really seen as strong enough to be a superhero. Women are usually thought of asShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Of Women And Men845 Words   |  4 Pagesexpected to play specific gender roles. In Canada women and men are thought of as equal, having the same rights to respect, autonomy, and independence (Bonvillain and Miller 2013: 39). The CBSA ignored this right when the agency allowed religious travellers to avoid female guards. Although men and women may have different roles in their households and communities, their work and activities are equally valued and socially rewarded (Bonvillain and Miller 2013: 39). These roles play an important partRead MoreGender Roles Of Men And Women1749 Words   |  7 PagesRoles of Males and Females in Different Television Programs Americans watch an alarming amount of television starting from a young age. The average American watches five hours of television a day (Koblin 2016). This enormous amount of media input influences perceptions and is connected to cementing many things in people, such as gender roles. Gender roles are thoughts, actions, and feelings learned by a person fitting their gender due to cultural norms (Santrock 2016). Additionally, stereotypes appealRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Men1461 Words   |  6 PagesFor years, women have always been inferior to men. Even the bible states, women must be submissive. During War World II, women got a chance to experience a hint of freedom. Not by choice of course. While men went off to war, women had to hold down the fort at home. This marked the beginning to pioneer change. No one foresaw this innovation until it was too late. In a society were men are superior to women, was no longer susceptible. The road towards equality was certainly not an eas y one. AlthoughRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Men Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Through many generations women were not treated equally as men. Women have fought their way to have gender equality but it has been slowly progressing. More women are starting to have high ranked jobs, more have been going into the workforce and don’t have to stay home all day long to take care of the kids. There are many differences between the gender roles (how women and men act or how they should be) when it comes to certain things. Like if you tell a girl, she hits like a boy or tellRead MoreThe Gender Roles Of Men And Women1243 Words   |  5 PagesThe gender roles of men and women were quite different in pre-20th-century drama. In his play Lysistrata, Aristophanes creates a world to bring about his thoughts on the Peloponnesian war with the comedic relief of gender role reversal. The women in his play are not necessarily the way women of his time were, but more of what men thought they were as well as what men feared or fantasized women could be like. Through action an d dialogue, the play shows examples of several different types of women. LysistrataRead MoreGender Roles of Men and Women2024 Words   |  8 PagesThe gender roles of men and women are defined before a person is even born. When a parent finds out that their child is either a little boy or girl, themselves and other family members will begin the process of gender role socialization. Gender role socialization as defined in Gidden’s Introduction to Sociology is â€Å"the learning of gender through social factors such as schooling, the media and family.† (Giddens et al. 2014: 216) By buying all blue or pink, making sure the boy will have trucks andRead MoreGender Roles Of Men And Women1702 Words   |  7 Pagesthe agricultural to industrial societies gender role has gradually changed in many ways. It can be seen from today that the role of male and female does not really much different. From the past with the perspective that women need to stay at home and perform housew ork while men need to work outside, these perspectives have changed over the time. Gender role which was built within the social contexts and since the globe has changed role of both men and women should be able to transform themselves toRead MoreGender Roles Of Men And Women1362 Words   |  6 PagesGender Roles in Fairy Tales Fairy tales have been around for generations. They are a way to express the idealistic realities of society. In most fairy tales, the roles of men and women reflect the way men and women are portrayed in reality. Many cultures believe that women are to be seen and not heard and that the only necessity for them is to take care of the house and raise children to repopulate society. Fairy tales originated from oral tradition. These stories were passed down and here eventuallyRead MoreGender Roles Of Men And Women1998 Words   |  8 Pages Men and Women have many different life experiences that allow their literature to be different from each other. Gender plays a really important role in society. From the day we are born, we are instantly given a blue blanket if we are a boy or a pink blanket if one is a girl. In society, we are told that we can be whoever we want to be, but many people especially women are criticized if they want to endure a path that is similar to a male. In literatu re, authors are able to express from their realRead MoreGender Roles And Expectations Of Men And Women1009 Words   |  5 Pagesthe last few decades, there has been a trend of shift in roles and expectations of men and women. The shift was dynamic in the latter half of the twentieth century. World had been made a great stride in acquiring and adapting to the new definition of gender roles. These changes can be seen in the fields of education, media, economics as well as many other things. The reason for the change is a rapid increase in the number of women at workplaces-worldwide. Unlikely, this wave of change is

Speech Of Alcibiades Speech - 1140 Words

The entrance of Alcibiades to symposium shifts the dialogue and suggests the reader his speech must be considered separate from the previous speeches. The first five speeches; the speech of Phaedrus, Pausanias, Eryximachus, Aristophanes, and Agathon contradicted each other and were reconciled in Diotima’s speech about love as in between mortal and immortal, in between beauty and ugliness, and in between wisdom and ignorance. To achieve it, one must give birth to true virtue. () However, Alcibiades speech changes the topic of the conversation from praising Eros/love, to praising Socrates. While the topic changed and this speech is separate, Alcibiades’ speech unknowingly to him, illustrates the arguments Diotima made about love by†¦show more content†¦Socrates’ words have a strong effect on Alcibiades, unlike any other, so much so that he makes him feel trapped and as if his political career is a waste. Socrates is the only person who has made him feel shame and a desire to change and pursue good things. However, when he’s away from Socrates he aims to please the crowd. The emotions are strong enough to make Alcibiades want Socrates gone, but he knows he’ll be more miserable if he is. Alcibiades asserts that Socrates pretends to be erotically attracted to beautiful younger men and be completely ignorant, but that these are all covers.In fact, he lives with great moderation, is very wise and has no interest in bodily concerns instead he desires beauty and good things. At one point, Alcibiades became aware of Socrates great wisdom, he hoped to seduce with his good looks to become Socrates’ beloved in order to learn some wisdom from him. However, when he finds himself alone with Socrates, Socrates just converses with him as he always does, not making any kinds of advances. On one occasion, he went with Socrates to the gymnasium and they wrestled together, alone, but Socrates still made no advances. Alcibiades best efforts, he has never managed to seduce Socrates as Socrates has no interest at all in physical pleasure. Alcibiades’ frustration is the confusion he ends up feeling with their relationship, where he seems to be the pursuer and Socrates the pursued. The element of roleShow MoreRelatedSpeech On Love It Is The Most Important1607 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Symposium Diotima’s speech on love it is the most important, therefore she should be the last speech to help impact the overall meaning. Although, she actually is not the last speech, Alcibiades is. This leads to questioning over why Alcibiades is at the end if the speech is just drunken madness. Diotima’s speech focuses on love and places important emphasis on the idea of beauty pertaining to love. She also focuses on the way a boy and a man’s relationship are centered around love becauseRead MoreThe Teachings Of Phaedrus And Alcibiades1040 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful in helping men gain virtue and blessedness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sym. 180B). Alcibiades is the perfect example of shame when he speaks about Socrates. He says that â€Å"Socrates is the only man in the world who has made [him] feel shame†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sym. 216B). Alcibiades adds that Socrates traps him and tells him that his political career is a waste while his personal shortcomings should take the center stage in his life; this is Socrates trying to teach Alcibiades virtue. His statement proves that Phaedrus was true in what heRead MorePlato s Symposium : The Nature Of Love1320 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates, Alcibiades, and Aristophanes are of main focus, as their similarities and differences help the reader to decide the truth of the nature of love. Throughout the Symposium, the accounts of love vary from speaker to speaker. The speech given by Socrates differentiates from the viewpoints of Alcibiades and Aristophanes, as well as all of the other speeches given. While Alcibiades, Aristophanes, and the other speakers in the Symposium focus on love of the individual, Socrates speech focuses onRead MoreEssay Aristotelian’s Normative Concept of Friendship1475 Words   |  6 Pagesof which Socrates’ and Alcibiades’ relationship can be ascribed to. To achieve this endeavor, one will need to understand Aristotle’s notion of perfect friendship based on reciprocal goodwill and virtue, and imperfect friendship based on utility and pleasure. By applying these evaluative aspects according to Socrates’ and Alcibiades’ characteristics and disposition in pursuing a friendship, the categories of their friendships are well elucidated. The friendship that Alcibiades seeks to obtain is thatRead MoreAnalys is Of The Book His Work Memorabilia 1169 Words   |  5 Pagesand rhetorical scrutiny. This paper will show how Xenophon’s refutation of the corruption charges rests on two simultaneous and premises, as made evident by the inclusion of the exchange between Alcibiades and Pericles. Initially, this refutation premises itself on dissociating Socrates from Alcibiades. Secondarily, however, Xenophon’s refutation premises itself on evaluating the ambiguities that exist in the antithetical relationship, between –on the one hand- the arguments made by an accuser thatRead MoreThucydides Sicilian Expidition Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesFirst of all, it is feasible to say that one of the most important reasons for the Athenian defeat was due to the fact that they were essentially not ready for another battle. The importance of prepraredness was exemplified by Perciles in his War speech, he was recollecting the Athenian ancestors success against the Persians and he stated it was more good planning than good luck. The problem is that the Sicilian expedition was spontaneous and unanticipated, thus unplanned. As Thucydides recountsRead MoreA Group Of Philosophers All Get Together At A Man Named Agathon s House1423 Words   |  6 Pagesnever be whole, and finally Agathon talks about Love’s beauty and Love’s desire for beauty. When Socrates speaks, he starts off by saying that he will give the truth about Love, which he claims no one else did. He proves this by questioning Agathon’s speech, asking how Love can both be beautiful and desire beauty when people do not desire what they already have. Furthermore, Socrates recounts a conversation about Love with Diotima, whose view of Love combines parts of all the other speeches into oneRead MoreLove Is Passion, Bravery, And Bliss1115 Words   |  5 Pagesarrives in the form of drunken Alcibiades. After the arrival of Alcibiades, the symposium quickly devolves into a Dionysian affair; the wine starts flowing much more freely and so do the tongues. In his drunken stupor Alcibiades is flustered over the presence of Socrates, who he deeply, erotically loves, and although taken aback agrees to give his own account of eros. However, while all the other encomia have been praising love from a place of logic and sobriety, Alcibiades bases his account off of passionRead MoreComparing Plato s The Symposium1704 Words   |  7 Pageswriting the best tragedy. A symposium is an Ancient Greek ritual that high-status males partook in. In a symposium, the symposiarch, the leader of the symposium, decides what is going to be talked about, and each person at the symposium delivers a speech on that topic. As this is going on, the people at the symposium pass around watered-down wine and drink in rounds all at the same pace. This drinking ritual is an example of sophrosunÄ“, an Ancient Greek value that emphasized self-restraint and conformingRead MorePlatonic Love In Platos Symposium1415 Words   |  6 Pagesanalysis of love with a homoerotic and homosexual love. This relationship of desire and virtue is subsequently explored in the Athenian tradition of pederasty. Plato utilizes the speech of Pausanias to connect the practice of pederasty to a greater philosophy, which is later fully elaborated in Diotima’s ladder. In his speech, Pausanias identifies two kinds of Love—Heavenly Aphrodite and Common Aphrodite. Common Aphrodite is a vulgar and shameful love that constitutes the lust for a body of either sex

Complaint Management System Implementation †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Complaint Management System Implementation. Answer: Introduction: The complaint management system comes under the category of Information system. The information system is a special kind of system that gathers raw data from various users and stores into the database for analyzing and sharing (Peppard Ward, 2016). The complaint management system implementation for the selected organization needs to be through following proper SDLC methodology. The database is the part of the system that stores the raw data and information so that the data can be easily retrieve. The software development life cycle methodology is the process of completing an ICT project through defining boundaries and various activities. The study includes various factors of the complain management system implementation in the selected organization. Designing the UML diagrams of the system is the main focus of the study. This allows the project stakeholders (internal) to understand the system functionalities. Moreover, based on the designs the system will be developed. Therefore, it is extremely crucial that the diagrams contain all the aspects of the system requirements. The study also holds the information like project schedule that has been developed using the agile methodology. The work breakdown structure of the project provides a great idea regarding the hierarchical distribution of work. The UML diagrams that have been presented within the study are use case diagram. In order to provide better understanding of the database, the relational schema and entity relational diagram has been created. Individual Report on Contribution to Project: In order to create the report on the project management activities, especially on designing, of complaint management system, the step was to understand the project requirements and customer-organization interest in the project. I, along with another team mate, have read the organizational requirements from the project and various factors involved in the project. This has allowed us to understand what should be the business requirements of the project. However, in order to understand each and every aspect of the ICT project I have read various books on information system project management and SDLC. I have searched various internet sites to understand the aspects of the project management that were not clear to me. After understating the business requirements, I have analyzed all the gathered information and generated the functional requirements of the system. Another member of my team was responsible for the nonfunctional requirements identification. However, after the identification of the system requirements, functional and nonfunctional, I have proof read all the generated data and prioritized the requirements. All the members, including me, selected the requirements that were most reasonable for the project. After the project requirements were found, we started the process of selecting the project management methodology that is to be followed for the project here. The complaint management system is a complex but small project in terms of other ICT projects. As I had better knowledge about the project requirements and case study of the organization, I chose to be the responsible person for selecting the project management methodology. I already had the knowledge that an ICT project must be completed through following a SDLC or software development life cycle methodology. I started researching about various SDLCs that can support the project requirements and customer requirements. After analyzing various SDLCs, I have come to the conclusion that the adaptive software development approach is the best solution for the methodology. There are various adaptive methodologies that can be considered as a potential methodology but the agile model is the best solution in this case. I have analyzed the processes and phases of the agile model and realized that all the phases are perfect for the Complaint Management System project. I have also contributed to the designing part of the project. The system requirements that I had identified were transferred to the logical design of the system. As it is very hard to transform all the requirements into system functionality, I had to took part in the designing phase. I have also designed the use cases of the project. As the use case supports all the other designs, I had design those at the very first of design phase. Product Backlog: ID Theme As a/an I want to So that Priority Status 2 Complaint Customer Register my complaint as efficiently as possible The registration process can be simple and easy Required To do 1 Complaint Customer Register complaints differently for different books I can track the progress of the complaint May be Added To do 5 Complaint Customer Have an option of tracking the progress of my complaint I can understand at which stage my complaint is and will be resolved or not Required To do 3 Functional Requirement Designer Have a report that will register the concerns regarding the system design I can recognize which parts to be modified to meet the user requirements Required To do 4 Functional Requirements Customer Have a error notification that will show if any error occurs I can understand what have gone wrong and be able to navigate through the system properly Required To do 7 Functional Requirement Administrator Have a page that will show all the complaints registered by the customers filtered as per provided conditions I can easily track the complaints registered by customer for a day or specific thing or any other thing Required To do 6 System Developer Want to have a list of findings So that tracking the product functionalities can be easy May be To do Entity Relationship Diagram: The entity relation diagram shows the connection between the tables of the database. The database has many-to-many relation between the complaint and book table. At the time of implementing the database, this has to be resolved. Another entity called Complaint_Book can be added so that the many-to-many relation can be breakdown into many to one relation. The primary key of table book and customer has been used as the primary key in the complaint table. The status attribute of the customer will indicate whether the customer is blocked or not. If the customer is blocked then he/she will not be able to register any complaint. Within the Relational schema, the tables, attributes and relations has been has been shown. This has been done for understanding and organizing the structure of the database. As this database is being designed from the scratch, the relational schema has been very useful. The red marked attributes are primary keys of the tables customer, complaint and book respectively. The green marked attributes are foreign keys. The foreign keys has been connected to the respective primary key through an arrow as the diagram shows. The architecture diagram is the blueprint of the whole complaint management system. The user devices can be a computer, mobile device or laptop. The user will access the site from the web through sending the request. The web server will catch the request and pass it to the application server through a firewall check. The application server is connected to the system and database server. The database server is connected to the database. The admin can manage various configuration of the system. The systems main functions and database will be separated from the main servers so that in case of DDoS attack, the system will not be corrupted. Use Cases: Name Register Complaint ID User-UC2 Description The customer will register a complaint into the system regarding any issue Actors Customer Organizational benefits The organization can understand how much issues they are required to solve to have better customer service Frequency of Use Monthly Triggers A new row is created in the complaint table of the database Preconditions The customer must be allowed by the system to register complaint Post Conditions The complaint is registered into the database successfully Actions The customer will login to the system. The system will verify the customer. The customer will open section of the register complaint system that has complaint register form. The customer will fill up the form. The customer will submit form. The system stores the complaint into the database. Exception The connection between database and database server is lost. Name View Complaint History ID User-UC4 Description The customer will show the complaints that he/she has registered Actors Customer Organizational benefits Better customer service result into customer loyalty increase Frequency of Use Weekly Triggers The database will retrieve the information regarding the complaints of a specific customer Preconditions The customer must have registered a single complaint Post Conditions The complaint is successfully shown Actions The customer will login to the system. The system will verify the customer. The customer will request to see the complaints. The system will check if the user has registered any complaint. The customer will see the registered complaints. Exception The customer has been blocked The swimlanes diagram has shown the flow activities from the user to the system. The customer first logins to the system for accessing the functionalities of the system then redirected to the complaint register section. After submission of the form, the database stores the form into the database. Gantt-Chart and WBS: WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names Cost 0 Complaint Management System Implementation 48 days Mon 8/14/17 Fri 10/08/17 $118,760.00 1 Project Planning 3 days Mon 8/14/17 Thur 8/17/17 $26,200.00 1.1 Project Charter 2 days 8/18/17 Wed 8/20/17 Project manager $1,360.00 1.2 Project Scope 2 days Wed 8/21/17 Thu 8/23/17 2 Project manager $1,360.00 1.3 Project Team 1 days Fri 8/23/17 Mon 8/26/17 3 Project manager,Administration officer $1,840.00 1.4 Role and Responsibility 1 days Fri 8/23/17 Mon 8/26/17 4 Administration officer,Project manager $1,840.00 1.5 Kickoff Meeting 1 days Fri 8/23/17 Mon 8/26/17 5 Administration officer $480.00 1.6 Project Plan Sharing 1 days Fri 8/23/17 Mon 8/26/17 5 Administration officer $720.00 1.7 Contract Signing 1 day Thu 8/24/17 Thu 8/24/17 4,5 Administration officer $240.00 1.8 Develop Scope Baseline 1 days Fri 8/25/17 Tue 8/25/17 8 Project manager $2,040.00 1.9 Developing schedule and cost baseline 1 days Fri 8/25/17 Tue 8/25/17 9 Project manager $2,040.00 1.10 Project Risk Identification 1 days Mon 8/26/17 Mon 8/26/17 10 Project manager $2,720.00 1.11 Developiong Risk Management Strategies 1 days Mon 8/26/17 Mon 8/26/17 11 Project manager $3,400.00 1.12 Time Management Startegy Development 1 days Fri 8/27/17 Fri 8/27/17 12 Project manager $2,040.00 1.13 Resource Management Strategy Development 1 days Fri 8/30/17 Fri 8/30/17 13 Project manager $1,360.00 1.14 Develop Schedule of the Project 1 days Fri 8/30/17 Fri 8/30/17 14 Project manager $1,360.00 1.15 Estimate Budget of the Project 2 days Mon 9/4/17 Tue 9/5/17 15 Project manager $3,400.00 1.16 Project Planning Complete 0 days Wed 9/6/17 Wed 9/6/17 16 $0.00 2 Requirement Analysis 3 days Thur 9/7/17 Sat 9/9/17 $17,840.00 2.1 Information Gathering Technique Identification 1 days Mon 9/11/17 Mon 9/11/17 17 Business analyst $800.00 2.2 Gathering Information 2 days Tue 9/12/17 Wed 9/13/17 19 Business analyst $4,000.00 2.3 Analyzing Collected Information 1 days Thu 9/13/17 Thu 9/13/17 20 Programmer $1,200.00 2.4 Defining System Requirements 2 days Fri 9/14/17 Sat 9/15/17 21 Programmer,Project manager $8,640.00 2.5 Analyzing Requirements 2 days Mon 9/17/17 Tue 9/18/17 22 Project manager $2,720.00 2.6 Requirement Documentation 2 days Mon 9/17/17 Tue 9/18/17 23 Administration officer $480.00 2.7 Requirement Analysis Complete 0 days Mon 9/17/17 Tue 9/18/17 24 $0.00 3 Designing Phase 3 days Wed 9/19/17 Sat 9/21/17 $20,080.00 3.1 Collecting System Requirements 1 day Thur 9/20/17 Fri 9/20/17 25 Administration officer $240.00 3.2 Analyzing the Requirements 2 days Thur 9/20/17 Fri 9/20/17 27 Project manager $5,440.00 3.3 Defining System Functionalities 2 days Thur 9/20/17 Fri 9/20/17 25,27 Programmer $3,600.00 3.4 Design System Components 2 days Sat 9/21/17 Mon 9/23/17 29 Programmer $2,800.00 3.5 User Interface Designing 2 days Sat 9/21/17 Mon 9/23/17 30 Graphical user interface developer $2,000.00 3.6 Designing System Architecture 2 days Sat 9/21/17 Mon 9/23/17 31 Programmer $2,400.00 3.7 Designing Database 4 days Sat 9/21/17 Wed 9/25/17 32 Database developer $1,600.00 3.8 Designing Network 4 days Sat 9/21/17 Wed 9/25/17 31,32 Programmer $2,000.00 3.9 Design Phase Complete 0 days Wed 9/25/17 Wed 9/25/17 34 $0.00 4 Development Phase 7 days Mon 9/18/17 Mon 9/25/17 $52,400.00 4.1 Coding of the System 14 days Mon 9/18/17 Tue 9/03/17 35 Programmer $10,000.00 4.2 System Unit Development 5 days Mon 9/18/17 Fri 9/25/17 35,37 Graphical user interface developer,Programmer $20,000.00 4.3 Database Development 15 days Mon 9/18/17 Sat 9/26/17 38 Database developer $6,000.00 4.4 System Network Implementation 5 days Tue 9/19/17 Sat 9/23/18 39 Programmer $6,800.00 4.5 User Interface Development 5 days Mon 9/18/17 Fri 3/23/18 37 Graphical user interface developer $4,800.00 4.6 Connecting Database with System 2 days Sat 9/26/17 Mon 9/28/17 41 Database developer,Programmer $3,200.00 4.7 Connecting System with Network 1 days Sat 9/23/18 Mon 9/25/18 42 Programmer $1,600.00 4.8 Development Phase Complete 0 days Mon 9/25/18 Mon 9/25/18 43 $0.00 5 Testing Phase 6 days Tue 9/26/18 Mon 10/02/17 $1,920.00 5.1 Design/Requirements Review 1 day Wed 10/03/17 Thur 10/04/17 44 Tester $320.00 5.2 Test Planning 1 day Wed 10/03/17 Thur 10/04/17 46 Tester $320.00 5.3 Test Design 1 day Wed 10/03/17 Thur 10/04/17 47 Tester $320.00 5.4 Test Environment Setup 1 day Wed 10/03/17 Thur 10/04/17 48 Tester $320.00 5.5 Test Execution 1 day Fri 10/05/17 Sat 10/06/17 49 Tester $320.00 5.6 Test Reporting 1 day Fri 10/05/17 Sat 10/06/17 50 Tester $320.00 5.7 Testing Phase Complete 0 days Fri 10/05/17 Fri 10/05/17 51 $0.00 6 Deployment Phase 1 day Fri 10/05/17 Sat 10/06/17 $320.00 6.1 Deploying System in BrisGames Environment 1 day Mon 10/08/17 Mon 10/08/17 52 Tester $320.00 6.2 Deployment Complete 0 days Mon 10/08/17 Mon 10/08/17 54 $0.00 Table 1: The Schedule of the Project (Source: Created by Author) Conclusion: From the above study, it can be concluded that the information system designing is a complex and crucial process. The designs of the complaint management system have provided an in-depth knowledge about the functionalities of the system along with the structure of the database. There is two use case diagram in the design and both of those has been able to show the interaction among the user and system. The UML diagrams has been a great source of understanding the systems internal aspects. Within the study, the database design has been provided most expressive way. Using the ERD and relational schema does not leave any space to provide further information about the database. The swim-lanes has been used for providing an idea of the flow of activities within the system and user. The study profoundly follows every instruction that is needed to show the design aspects of an IS. There is still some areas to improve such as including other UML diagrams and alternative architecture of the system. Bibliography: Al-alshuhai, A., Siewe, F. (2015). An Extension of UML Activity Diagram to Model the Behaviour of Context-Aware Systems. InComputer and Information Technology; Ubiquitous Computing and Communications; Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing; Pervasive Intelligence and Computing (CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM), 2015 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 431-437). IEEE. Bass, J. M. (2015). How product owner teams scale agile methods to large distributed enterprises.Empirical Software Engineering,20(6), 1525-1557. Bonham-Carter, G. F. (2014).Geographic information systems for geoscientists: modelling with GIS(Vol. 13). Elsevier. Fernandez-Saez, A. M., Genero, M., Chaudron, M. R., Caivano, D., Ramos, I. (2015). Are Forward Designed or Reverse-Engineered UML diagrams more helpful for code maintenance?: A family of experiments.Information and Software Technology,57, 644-663. Forbrig, P., Herczeg, M. (2015). Managing the Agile process of human-centred design and software development. InINTERACT(pp. 223-232). Kuhl, J. G. (2014). Incorporation of Agile Development Methodology into a Capstone Software Engineering Project. Passera, S. (2018). Flowcharts swimlanes and timelinesAlternatives to prose in communicating legal-bureaucratic instructions to civil servants.J. Bus. Tech. Commun. Peppard, J., Ward, J. (2016).The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Poort, E. R. (2014). Driving agile architecting with cost and risk.IEEE Software,31(5), 20-23. Sangeeta, K., Rao, P. S. (2017). Onto Extractor: A Tool for Ontology Extraction from ER/EER diagrams.International Journal,8(5). Sharma, C., Sabharwal, S., Sibal, R. (2014). Applying genetic algorithm for prioritization of test case scenarios derived from UML diagrams.arXiv preprint arXiv:1410.4838. Storrle, H. (2014, September). On the impact of layout quality to understanding UML diagrams: size matters. InInternational Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems(pp. 518-534). Springer, Cham. Suri, P., Sharma, D. (2016). An Algorithm for Mapping ER Schema in to XML DTD with Recursion.International Journal of Computer Applications,136(10), 16-17. Yang, L., Cao, L. (2016). The Effect of MySQL Workbench in Teaching Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) to Relational Schema Mapping.International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science,8(7), 1.

Thomas Mores Utopia Essay Example

Thomas Mores Utopia Paper Utopia Utopia, written by Sir Thomas More, is a description of a seemingly perfect society in contrast to a time and place where the wealthy were extravagant and the poor were worse than poor. England, during More’s time, (which was 1478 to 1535) was a place where the rich got richer and the poor got poorer. The Enclosure Movement that began to rise dramatically in the 1400s under England’s first Tudor king, Henry VII, had created an enormous gap between the wealthy and the poor. The vast majority of people were homeless and poverty stricken, because arable farming had decreased on huge amounts of traditional farm land and which was the only way of survival for the peasants. Vagabonds were imprisoned and thieves were hanged by the thousands. During the reign of Henry VIII, there were at least 72,000 thieves hanged (p. 15). The rich and powerful raised sheep, exported the wool for cash and became richer. In Utopia, More depicted a clear epitome of this time and, indirectly criticized England’s socioeconomical policies through a character created in the book, while reflecting his own humanistic beliefs concerning those policies. More’s, Utopia, or â€Å"perfect society,† is actually a creation of totalitarianism. However, totalitarianism, according to life in England during the Henry VIII reign, for the poor, would have been a much better life instead of one where politics, religion, and greed actually reduced the less fortunate to less than slaves. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Mores Utopia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Mores Utopia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Mores Utopia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In Book I of Utopia, More described the consequences of the Enclosure Move-ment and England’s wars that created vagabonds and thieves. Speaking of the â€Å"nobility, gentry and holy men†(p. 18), More wrote that these social classes not only lived in â€Å"idleness and luxury while doing society no good†(p. 18), but, they also directly injured the peasants by enclosing land for pasture, thus, destroying homes and towns (p. 18). Furthermore, because of landowners’ greed, the former workers of the land had no where to go and became idle and were â€Å"jailed as idle vagrants† (p. 19). This enclosing has led to sharply rising food prices in many districts . . . so great numbers are forced from work to idle-ness,† wrote More. Vagrants were imprisoned, although, they were a creation of the rich and powerful, as were the soldiers who were disabled from England’s wars. Hunger stimulated thievery in the former farmers, as well as the disabled s oldiers who went back home to an England that did not support their soldiers after fighting her wars. More wrote, â€Å"it would be much better to enable every man to earn his own living, instead of being driven to the awful necessity of stealing and then dying for it† (p. 16). However, in Utopia, as More wrote, no one was hungry and everybody worked. Slothfulness was not tolerated and there was a job for everyone and everyone had to work. Agriculture was the primary occupation for need and not greed and men, as well as, women worked on the farms. Outside of the farm work, everyone learned a trade. Everyone only worked six hours a day, but because everyone had to work, their working hours provided â€Å"not only enough, but more than enough of the necessities and even conveniences of life†(p. 51). But, everyone was equal. There were no rich and poor and everyone all had the same food, clothing and housing. Private property did not exist. Utopians believed that human life was more valuable than owning material possessions. Practicality and reasoning are fundamentals that More used in his description of Utopian society. Political, religious and social structures are all practical and have a reasoning that are best beneficial to all Utopians. In the political aspect, Utopia was democratic. Any rules or laws made were for the exclusive welfare of all Utopians. Money did not exist and therefore those in government positions could not maintain or acquire power from financial superiority. Their constitution’s main goal was that â€Å"all citizens should be free to withdraw as much time as possible from the service of the body and devote themselves to the freedom and culture of the mind,† and this is where they thought the â€Å"happiness of life† existed (53). The Utopian religion that More depicted was tolerant. It was mandatory for the Utopians to accept three principles that included the belief that all human souls are immortal; humans are born for happiness by God’s grace; and, after death, there will be punishments or rewards according to vice or virtue (p. 6). One of the Utopians’ strictest rules was that no one should suffer concerning their religion and a person who fought about religion was deported or put into slavery (p. 94). Religion was based on reason and nature. â€Å"Virtue,† according to the Utopians, is defined â€Å"as living according to nature, â€Å" and â€Å"when an individual obeys the dictates of r eason in choosing one thing and avoiding another, he is following nature (p. 67). The Utopians believed it especially commendable and virtuous to help other beings in a humanistic manner than to take joy in others miseries (p. 7). The Utopian society that Thomas More created was seemingly a perfect society as an alternative to his sixteenth century world in England. Whether by nature or nurture that the Utopians would have become accustomed to the â€Å"totalitarian† ways of life, giving up their freedom for a guaranteed full stomach, a home and a life where pride and greed had no place to develop, would have been far better than the miseries of the homeless and poverty stricken in More’s real world. More’s world, where politics and religion, intertwined with ambition and power, stimulated wealthy nobles and aristocracy no matter the miseries of those they used to acquire their wealth and power. Power, such as that sought by Henry VIII in his Act of Supremacy that More refused to agree to and cost him his head. Before his beheading, Sir Thomas More did create in his Utopia, a practical and reasonable society. A perfect one is questionable. On one hand a communistic structure guaranteed that the Utopians would all be fed and have their needs, although, everyone was forced to work and would never acquire more than any other for their hard work. On the other hand, because education, religion, morals, private life and even pleasure was all controlled by the Utopian governing officials, the practical and reasonable society was a totalitarian society. The poor and miserable of England in the sixteenth century would probably have been better off in the Utopian world, although liberty was absent from the â€Å"perfect† society. I have read my paper and I did not cheat.

Simple harmonic motion of a simple pendulum Essays

Simple harmonic motion of a simple pendulum Essays Simple harmonic motion of a simple pendulum Paper Simple harmonic motion of a simple pendulum Paper Essay Topic: Simple To work out the value of acceleration due to gravity (g), by using the principle of kinematics of simple harmonic motion of a simple pendulum.  Introduction-  The theory involved here is the motion of the simple pendulum under the influence of acceleration due to gravity. The research question here says that the value of acceleration due to gravity is an unknown variable and this has to be calculated out using the equation that relates the time period of one oscillation of a simple pendulum (made up of a string with negligible mass and a mass bob having a certain predetermined and set mass) and the length of its string and acceleration due to gravity by the following relation: This investigation is particularly useful in the real world as it gives us a value of the variable acceleration due to gravity, which influences all spheres of mechanics. The equation is also useful as I help determine the value of time that the pendulum will take in one oscillation, thus having applications in instruments such as clocks etc.  Hypothesis-  According to my prior understanding and visualizations the investigations undertaken will yield the required results effectively and with efficiency. The length of the pendulum would include the length of the string as well as the diameter of the mass bob and the length of the hook as well. When the pendulum suspended from a stand is set into oscillation the time periods T of the oscillations of different lengths l will help us in determining the value of g. As the length of the string is increased, the time period of the oscillations will also increase but the value of g will not as it is constant for a place always. The accepted value for g (in Paris) is 981Nkg-1 according to .We should get a value of g of the range of the value above stated. The master equation also as stated earlier will be modified in order to calculate out the value of g. The basic theory behind the experiment is that the value of the time period taken by the pendulum in one oscillation is influenced by the length of the string which is supporting the pendulum and the value of acceleration due to gravity. By modifying the equation stated above as follows, the value of g can be found out using a simple equation. The variables in the experiment are g which is acceleration due to gravity which is our measured variable; T is time period which is the dependent variable which we be observing; l is length of the entire pendulum out of which we will be controlling only the length of the string as the length of the hook and the mass bob will be the same; finally ? is the constant variable. 1. Tie the string to the mass bob of unknown weight and suspend it from the table stand as shown in the diagram. Make sure that the two small blocks of wood are in such a position that they clamp the pendulum and they are in turn clamped by the clamp of the stand.  2. In order to get proper value that will be finally calculated out I have decided to take 5 readings of the oscillations of the pendulum using four different lengths of the pendulum (20cm to 90cm) so as to remove most possibilities of random errors. 3. To begin with the length of the string of the first reading is determined so that the length of the mass bob may also be incorporated in it so as to get a convenient length of the pendulum.  4. When the apparatus is set up as shown in the diagram described earlier, the pendulum is taken and set to a particular angle not more than 15 degrees from its mean position.  5. the pendulum is then left and it sets into motion. The time period for 10 oscillations is seen and recorded with a stopwatch. 6. To obtain the mean value of one oscillation of the pendulum of length 30cm, the total time taken for all oscillations is divided by 10 which is the number of oscillations which the pendulum is allowed to swing for.  7. This procedure must be repeated four more times and then after the data has been collected for all five times, the average value of these will be taken as the final reading of the time period of the simple pendulum of length 20cm.  8. Repeat the entire process of experimentation with all the different lengths of the pendulums and tabulate the data.  9. After tabulation of data, it must be processed to obtain the appropriate results. The data collection and processing aspect is seen later in this report. Collection of Data   On taking readings with vernier calipers, the diameter of the mass bob was found out to be 2.55cm. The vernier calipers showed a positive zero error of 0.09cm. Thus the diameter was found out to be 2.55 0.09 = 2.46cm. The radius of the mass bob is thus 1.23cm. The length of the hook again measured with vernier calipers was found to be 1.25cm, which after adding for the zero error will be 1.25 0.09 = 1.16cm. Thus the length of the entire system of the mass bob and the hook is 2.39cm.

Biography of the Great Newspaper Publisher Joseph Pulitzer

Biography of the Great Newspaper Publisher Joseph Pulitzer Joseph Pulitzer was one of the most influential figures in the American journalism in the late 19th century. A Hungarian immigrant who learned the newspaper business in the Midwest following the Civil War, he purchased the failing New York World and transformed it into one of the leading papers in the country. In a century known for raucous journalism which included the introduction of the penny press, Pulitzer became known, along with William Randolph Hearst, as a purveyor of yellow journalism. He had a keen sense of what the public wanted, and sponsoring events like the around-the-world trip of intrepid female reporter Nellie Bly made his newspaper extraordinarily popular. Though Pulitzers own newspaper was often criticized, the most prestigious award in American journalism, the Pulitzer Prize, is named for him. Early Life Joseph Pulitzer was born April 10, 1847, the son of a prosperous grain dealer in Hungary. After his fathers death, the family faced grave financial problems, and Joseph chose to emigrate to America. Arriving in America in 1864, at the height of the Civil War, Pulitzer enlisted in the Union cavalry. At the end of the war, Pulitzer left the Army and was among the many jobless veterans. He survived by taking a variety of menial jobs until he found a job as a reporter at a German-language newspaper published in St. Louis, Missouri, by Carl Schurz, a noted German exile. By 1869 Pulitzer had proven himself to be highly industrious and he was thriving in St. Louis. He became a member of the bar (though his law practice was not successful), and an American citizen. He became very interested in politics and ran successfully for the Missouri state legislature. Pulitzer bought a newspaper, the St. Louis Post in 1872. He made it profitable, and in 1878 he purchased the failed St. Louis Dispatch, which he merged with the Post. The combined St. Louis Post Dispatch became profitable enough to encourage Pulitzer to expand to a much larger market. Pulitzers Arrival In New York City In 1883 Pulitzer traveled to New York City and purchased the troubled New York World from Jay Gould, a notorious robber baron. Gould had been losing money on the newspaper and was happy to be rid of it. Pulitzer was soon turning the World around and making it profitable. He sensed what the public wanted, and directed the editors to concentrate on human interest stories, lurid tales of big city crime, and scandals. Under Pulitzer’s direction, the World established itself as the newspaper of the common people  and it generally supported the rights of workers. In the late 1880s, Pulitzer employed the adventurous female reporter Nellie Bly. In a triumph of reporting and promotion, Bly circled the globe in 72 days, with the World documenting every step of her startling journey. The Circulation Wars During the era of yellow journalism, in the 1890s, Pulitzer found himself engaged in a circulation war with rival publisher William Randolph Hearst, whose New York Journal proved to be a formidable challenger to the World. After battling with Hearst, Pulitzer tended to draw back from sensationalism and began advocating for more responsible journalism. However, he tended to defend sensationalist coverage by asserting that it was important to catch the public’s attention in order to make them aware of important issues. Pulitzer had a long history of health problems, and his failing eyesight led him to be surrounded by a number of employees who helped him function. He also suffered from a nervous ailment which was exaggerated by sound, so he tried to stay, as much as possible, in soundproof rooms. His eccentricities became legendary. In 1911, while visiting Charleston, South Carolina aboard his yacht, Pulitzer died. He left a bequest to found a journalism school at Columbia University, and the Pulitzer Prize, the most prestigious award in journalism, was named in his honor.

Ethical manner Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical manner - Research Paper Example s of administration, which focus on individual employees and understanding of their behaviours before employment of strategies that are specific to such behaviours and thus effective in enhancing sustainable organizational development. One of the unethical issues that exist yet avoidable in the article is carelessness in the presentation of the work. The authors show negligence and make careless errors especially in terms of grammatical arrangements and issues of punctuation. On the other hand, subjectivity is an avoidable unethical issue in the research. As such, it is important for the researchers to be objective by avoiding any form of bias in the design of the study, data analysis, interpretation of data, and personal decisions (Resnik, 2011). It is also important to disclose any financial or personal interests to avoid negative influences of such aspects on the research process or findings. One of the parties that are likely to face injury in the study is the employees within the hotels. As such, since the study reviews the behaviour of these employees and their effect on organizational success, in response to the management, the exposure of identities of some of the employees that are believed to be negatively responding to management in their performance may risk dismissal from their jobs. On the other hand, some of the managers that may be marked as using poor management skills by the study may ruin their reputation especially before the organizations’ governing bodies and thus affect their relationships with top most management and even the employees. Carelessness in the presentation of data could lead to poor interpretation of the data and thus alter the initial intention of the study (Resnik, 2011). This could lead to initiation of interventions in the wrong variables. In addition, careless presentation of data could lead to questioning of the credibility of the paper, an aspect that would lead to neglecting of the content of the study by all

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 44

Reflection - Essay Example Indeed, as an international student from UAE, my school allocated me a class that comprised of students from other countries. Although most students came from U.K and U.S there were a significant number of students from other countries like Nigeria, Japan, and Mexico. Most uniquely, I was the only student from UAE and this posed a great challenge to my social and academic life. It was clear from the onset that most of the students came from different cultural, religious, economic, and social backgrounds. I was surprised how the differences among the new students will allow us to succeed in our academic pursuit. However, upon settling down in class, one of the administrators explained the organizational culture of the school and the need to adopt diversity in our class. The administrator defined the school’s policy and advocated for the cultural diversity and respect to the code of ethics. Indeed, he stated that English is the official language of communication and studying at the school and that all students should respect the cultural and religious backgrounds of all students. With this, the administrator guaranteed good cohesion and unity of purpose in our studies and relevant extra curriculum activities. The administrator stated that the school’s policy respects all religions and disregards any discrimination based on social and economic status. He also stated that all students have a right to interact with any students and noted that our studies will include group discussions, which will include students from different backgrounds. He therefore encouraged us to share our cultural values for purposes of adopting the cultural values that will boost our academic pursuit. This experience taught me the need to adopt cultural diversity in my studies. It also taught me that I cannot exist in isolation and that it requires the

Knowledge and the sources provided Essay Example for Free

Knowledge and the sources provided Essay Evacuation was both successful and unsuccessful. The Government did manage to secure its objectives of keeping children safe and keeping the war machine going without the threat of children being killed which was a successful aspect of evacuation. Although the conditions on the train were cramped and there was a lack of facilities, a vast amount of children were transported out of the cities quickly and efficiently. Most of the children who were evacuated also benefited from it although some did have bad experiences. However a major problem with evacuation was that a significant number of children either did not go or returned back to the danger-zones. Despite the government propaganda for instance the How and Why pamphlet, which contributed to the efficient way in which children were evacuated many parents refused to allow their children to leave. In Hope and Glory a mother agrees to evacuate her children but then becomes overcome with emotion and unable to part with her children. This was quite a common occurrence and some parents did not even consider evacuating their children due to preconceived ideas. Source E highlights this; the man being interviewed would not send his child away as he thought that they cant be looked after where theyre sending them. This man, like many other citizens had preconceptions of the countryside such as theyve nothing there; they were starving there before the war Many children who were evacuated returned home, some because they were unhappy and some because their parents did not see the need for them to remain there because of the phoney war in which no bombs were dropped on cities. This meant that they would be back in danger zones, which was not a success from the governments point of view. The actual transportation of the children was very well organised; the children were all registered in advance and were put onto the trains efficiently. Source A depicts evacuees walking to the station in London. This suggests that evacuation was well-ordered as all the children are walking in an orderly fashion; they are all smiling and a few are waving. This shows that the children were content in being evacuated. However one must take into account the fact that the source is a photograph hence it could have been staged. Source B contradicts this and suggests that evacuation was a nerve-racking experience for the children involved as they were too afraid to talk. The source also states that the children didnt know where they were going; this is a negative factor as it would cause angst amongst the children and suggests disorganisation. As well as simply the organisation and official objectives behind evacuation; there are other aspects which one must consider. Many children gained a lot of new experiences and there were many long-term benefits. Some long-term benefits include broadened horizons of the children, increased understanding between classes and a raised awareness of urban poverty. Many country dwellers did not know how city children lived and evacuation was an opportunity for them to find out. Source C, an extract from Carries War by Nina Bowden highlights a misconception about evacuees as the child in the novel says she thinks were poor children, too poor to afford slippers. However this source is not really a primary source, as although it is based on reality, it is a fictitious novel. A lot of evacuees had positive experiences such as enjoying healthier, safer surroundings than the cities as well as developing a life-long love of the countryside. On the other hand some children were just treated like servants by their foster families or made to feel very unwelcome. These children experienced some of the negative factors of country life. Many of the foster families had negative experiences such as bad-mannered children or children with poor personal hygiene. These experiences are both positive and negative; although they were unpleasant, they resulted in raised awareness of urban childrens welfare. This raised awareness of poverty resulted in the introduction of the Welfare State Shortly after W. W. II. Many foster families and evacuees enjoyed the experience of evacuation and treasured memories of it for many years. The evacuees were predominantly grateful, Source D, a government advertisement suggests that the foster families were doing a real service for the nation; this evokes patriotism and causes people to come together and help each other, which is another positive outcome of evacuation. This advertisement encouraged people to take in evacuees thus making the arrangements easier and more orderly, increasing the successfulness of evacuation. When looking at all the evidence available to us it is clear that although evacuation was not a great success as there were a great deal of setbacks, such as the children who did not go and children who returned home it was quite successful as the government did secure the objective of reducing civilian casualties. Many other benefits were as a result of evacuation and it was an enlightening experience for all those concerned. There were a few negative effects for certain individuals but as a whole, this nation benefited from evacuation.

Feminine Psyche in The Odyssey Essay -- The Odyssey Feminine Psyche Es

Feminine Psyche in The Odyssey The Odyssey has much to teach us about the feminine psyche. The feminine psyche is the way that the female mind and soul react to and process situations. Females are generally faithful, giving, and respectful to their mates. We have an insight into the feminine psyche in several things that Penelope does. The weaving and unweaving of the shroud and the test of the bed are two examples of the way Penelope thinks. She does what is thought to be her duty to her husband to resist the suitors and remain faithful and loyal to her husband. Homer reveals the feminine psyche in Penelope, a loving and faithful wife to Odysseus. She was loyal to Odysseus the entire time he was away on his journey, and even when it appeared that he would not return she still had faith that he would. Penelope resisted the advances of the suitors because she loved Odysseus and could not see herself with another when he could still be alive. She was smart and cunning when it came to resisting the suitors. Penelope shows us an insight to the feminine psyche when we learn she has avoided having to choose a new husband by telling the suitors she would choose a one of them once she finished the shroud she was weaving for Odysseus’ father. Penelope worked all day on the shroud and would unravel the weaving by candlelight at night while the suitors slept. This shows her dedication to Odysseus and that she does not want to tell the suitors no and be disrespectful to her ...

Disadvantages of Large Population of a Country in Relation to Development Essay

â€Å"Overpopulation is a curse to the society’s overall growth. Several countries facing this problem are trying to control their population growth. India, for example, has been introducing family planning programs to curtail the growth of its population.† Population growth in a country using a capitalist economic system means more demand for products and therefore economic growth. For a country with a low population and a lot of land, it can be an advantage especially if the distribution of wealth remains close to level so everybody can prosper. That’s not a long term solution for the planet however. The disadvantage is that population growth puts tremendous pressure on economic and ecological resources. In the long term, the world will have to come to terms with the fact that we are consuming at a faster rate than nature is able to produce right now. The consequences of not making an adjustment in an orderly manner will not be a pretty sight. Some of the underdeveloped and developing countries face the problem of over population. Too many mouths to feed and fewer natural resources on hand can have a devastating effect on the economy. Countries like India and China have large population. In India, population growth has been on a higher scale than what the country’s economy can handle. The prosperity of a nation depends upon the standard of living of its people. Developed countries, such as the US with less population provide a better standard of living for their people. The Americans have good food to eat, enjoy a luxurious living as compared to the people belonging to Sou th-East Asia. What are the disadvantages of overpopulation one may ask? Depletion of Natural Resources: The effects of overpopulation are quite severe. The first of these is the depletion of resources. The Earth can only produce a limited amount of water and food, which is falling short of the current needs. Most of the environmental damage being seen in the last fifty odd years is because of the growing number of people on the planet. They are cutting down forests, hunting wildlife in a reckless manner, causing pollution and creating a host of problems. Those engaged in talking about overpopulation have noticed that acts of violence and aggression outside of  a war zone have increased tremendously while competing for resources. Degradation of Environment: With the overuse of coal, oil and natural gas, it has started producing some serious effects on our environment. Rise in the number of vehicles and industries have badly affected the quality of air. Rise in amount of CO2 emissions leads to global warming. Melting of polar ice caps, changing climate patterns, rise in sea level are few of the consequences that we might we have to face due to environment pollution. Conflicts and Wars: Overpopulation in developing countries puts a major strain on the resources it should be utilizing for development. Conflicts over water are becoming a source of tension between countries, which would result in wars. It causes more diseases to spread and makes them harder to control. Starvation is a huge issue facing the world and the mortality rate for children is being fuelled by it. Poverty is the biggest hallmark we see when talking about overpopulation. All of this will only become worse if solutions are not sought out for the factors affecting our population. We can no longer prevent it, but there are ways to control it. Rise in Unemployment: When a country becomes overpopulated, it gives rise to unemployment as there fewer jobs to support large number of people. Rise in unemployment gives rise to crime as people will steal various items to feed their family and provide them basic amenities of life. High Cost of Living: As difference between demand and supply continues to expand due to overpopulation, it raises the prices of various commodities including food, shelter and healthcare. This means that people have to pay more to survive and feed their families. Top 20 thought provoking effects of over population 1.More mouths to feed. 2.Lower standard of living. 3.Poverty. 4.Overcrowded cities. 5.Sickness and spreading of diseases. 6.Insufficient natural resources to provide adequate goods and services. 7.Inadequate facilities, such as housing, medical etc. 8.Problem of starvation and malnourished population. 9.Education facilities may not meet the requirements of the entire population. 10.Unemployment. 11.Higher crime rate due to unequal distribution of wealth and insufficient financial resources. 12.Environmental pollution. Trees are felled to make space for housing facilities. 13.Agricultural production is insufficient to meet the requirements of the entire population, which results in higher prices. 14.Money is diverted to ensure that the population is fed, rather than carrying out fundamental research. 15.Lower life expectancy. 16.People living in rural areas are not provided with employment opportunities. 17.Large number of people lives in unhygienic conditions. 18.Birth rate is high. 19.Due to lack of proper medical facilities death is also very high. People succumb to various diseases. 20.Child labor is common. To sustain themselves families force their children to work, rather than send them to school.

Managing people Essay

2. What mental models do you have about attending a university or college lecture? Are these mental models helpful? Could any of these mental models hold you back from achieving the full benefits of the lecture? To achieve our goals with some degree of predictability and sanity, road maps are used. Road maps (mental models): are internal representations of the external world. Consist of visual or relational images in our mind, such as what the classroom looks like or Conceptually what happens when we submit an assignment late. Rely on it to make sense of our environment through perceptual grouping Models fill in the missing pieces, including causal connection among events Example: mental model about attending a class lecture or seminar assumptions or expectations about where the instructor and students seat themselves in the room, how they ask and answer questions Create a mental image of a class in progress 1st class of the semester: would expect that lecturers would go through the topic guide and what is expected outcome of this topic. Expect that lecturer would start the discussion of the tutorials before going through the lecture. An important role in sense making, yet they also make it difficult to see the world in different ways. Example: accounting professionals tend to see corporate problems in terms of accounting solutions marketing professionals see the same problem from a marketing perspective Blocks our recognition of new opportunities How do we change it? Developed through several years of experience and reinforcement. To constantly question them and ask ourselves about the assumption we make. Working with people from diverse background, cultures and different area of expertise will make us realise our own assumption These assumptions may hold me back. If I presume that the first lecture would be on going through the topic guide when there is a tutorial and I did not prepare. Or when I ought to have read the chapter before attending the first lesson so that I am able to participate. 3. Do you define yourself in terms of the university or college you attend? Why or why not? What are the implications of your answer for your university? We define ourselves to a large extent by the groups to which we belong or have an emotional attachment. Social identity theory explains the dynamics of social perception – how we perceive others. Influenced by three activities in the process of forming and maintaining our social identity Categorisation Categorising people into distinct group Remove that person’s individuality and instead see them as a prototypical representative of the group ‘Australians’. Allows you to distinguish Australians from people who live in NZ, HK and other countries in that region Homogenisation Tend to think that people within each group are very similar to each other Australians collectively have similar attitudes and characteristics Every individual is unique but we tend to lose sight of this fact when thinking about our social identity and how we compare to people in other social groups Differentiation Fulfils our inherent need to have a distinct and positive self-convept. We do more than categorise people and homogenise them Differentiate groups by assigning more favourable characteristics to people in our groups than to people in other groups It’s often subtle but can escalate into a ‘good-guy-bad-guy’ contrast when groups are in conflict with each other â€Å"Hello-kitty† people 6. Describe a situation in which you used behaviour modification to influence someone’s behaviour. What specifically did you do? What was the result? 7. Why are organisations moving toward the use of experiential approaches to learning? What conditions are required for success? Another way that employees learn is through direct experience Most tacit knowledge and skills are acquired through experience as well as observation. Begin when we engage with the environment; then reflect on the experience and form theories about how the world around us works Most important ingredient is a strong learning orientation within the organisation and its employees. People with a global mindset have a strong learning orientation that they welcome new learning opportunities, actively experiment with new ideas and practices, view reasonable mistakes as a natural part of the learning process and continuously question past practices. Encourage employees to question long held assumptions or mental models and to actively ‘unlearn’ practices that are no longer ideal

Qualities of Good Leadership †Humanities 4 Page Essay

Qualities of Good Leadership – Humanities 4 Page Essay Free Online Research Papers Qualities of Good Leadership Humanities 4 Page Essay A good leader needs to know when to make decisions and when to let others decide. If people are always left to do what they want, time and resources get wasted. On the other hand, if people always follow orders, morale starts to decline, wasting even more time and resources. In a survival situation, this can be a matter of life or death. About a year back, me and some friends were out for a nice brutal birthday party. We found ourselves in a forest somewhere near Campbellsville, split into two teams, armed with paintball guns. Each team had two objectives in this particular game of capture the flag. The first was to bring the enemy’s flag back to your own base, and the second was to survive. We decided that we would set up a democratic system in which if a problem occurred, we would let everyone vote on who would get the flag and who would defend ours. As it turned out, everyone wanted to get the other flag and leave our flag alone, which posed a problem because we couldn’t leave our own flag unattended. We put our government into action, in the end leaving me and a good friend of mine in charge of offence. We left and began our trek through the forest looking for any sign of the enemy flag. Meanwhile, the other two also left after we were out of sight and worked their way to the flag. In the end, we ended up shooting down our own men defending the new flag we had just acquired, because they decided to take matters into their own hands and neglect their jobs. When two members of the other team returned with our flag, we realized what had happened. We had mistaken o ur friends as two opponents because they didn’t follow the plan. In the end, we lost because of poor leadership. Guidelines were put in place that were not favored by part of the group, and as such were not followed. We failed to realize that jobs had to be made and people made to do them to keep our biggest priority, winning, in perspective. A good leader needs to be able to keep their long term goals in check while all the time keeping tabs on what needs to be done in the present. We lost our balance between offense and defense, causing us to lose the game. Good leadership requires a bit of democracy and a bit of dictatorship. We live in a world where with privilege comes responsibility. Taking William Golding’s ‘Lord of the Flies’ as an example, Ralph’s leadership style failed because priorities, like keeping the signal fire going, were forgotten. Likewise, Jack’s leadership style failed because it was on the other side of the equation; nobody had their say in what went on and Jack made poor decisions for the group. If both styles were combined, everyone could be assigned a job that must be done as well as have their own say in how things run on the island. Just as the two defensive players did in our game of paintball, Jack decided to leave his responsibilities and focus on his privileges, causing the group to lose as a whole. Confusion as to who our team members were appeared, and in the end we saw them as enemies. The confusion seen in the book ‘Lord of the Flies’ during Simon’s death can, in a way be compared to the way our teammates were shot down in a lack of understanding caused by poor leadership. The kids on the island needed to rely on each other to survive, but instead were split apart and misled. They lost sight of their main priority, survival. Guidelines are a part of any leader’s job. Take laws for instance; they are all guidelines as to how one should act under different circumstances. If you forget about your responsibilities and break a law, you have to deal with the consequences. In some scenarios you get a fine, while others might land you in jail. Who decides what will happen to you, should you forget your responsibilities? The penalties associated with breaking various laws are made by the government of the country you live in. Some countries have similar laws, some do not. The death sentence is a hot topic in the United States today; its management feels that if certain guidelines are not met, people should be put to death, whereas a good percent of the population feel this sort of sentence should never be taken into consideration. When there is some disagreement between how certain guidelines should be handled, conflict emerges and governments split in two, each side with its own ideology. This can be seen in ‘The Lord of the Flies’, at the point where Jack decides he is fed up with Ralph’s approach and forms his own tribe, separate from the original. Different guidelines emerge in the two groups, Jacks having more severe punishment for the most part, because he feels that certain levels of punishment are necessary to prevent a rehash. In our game, members of the team that did not follow the plan would be hog tied and subjected 8 rounds of paintballs, we probably would have won. Generally, the consequences associated with not adhering to a guideline are made to be unfavorable enough that the guideline will be followed, if only to forgo any punishment later down the road. A good leader needs to know where to draw the line with these punishments, which never happened in the case of Ralph and Simon from ‘Lord of the Flies’. On the one hand, we have Ralph, who chose not to punish those who waive their duties, and Jack, who went far beyond the threshold of insanity in his punishments. A good leader needs to find a sort of balance between these two methods, not leaving everything up in the air, but also never controlling with fear. The last, but certainly not least vital quality of a good leader is the ability to not only prioritize, but manage several levels of priorities in equality. Just as in the game of paintball we had more than one priority, the kids in ‘The Lord of the Flies’ also had many. Their goals were broken up into short and long term; the long term goal was to be brought home, and the short term goal was to survive on the island until that time came. The passing of the boat while the signal fire was out, was an example of poor leadership and the inability to keep both long and short term goals under control. Having the hunters also keep the fire going was a mistake, because they could only manage these goals one at a time. While they were hunting, the signal fire was dwindling away, and while they were keeping the fire going, they were missing possible good opportunities to catch a pig. If the hunters were put only in charge of hunting and the group building huts was split off into two groups, one to continue building and one to watch the signal fire, each would have a job to do that didn’t interfere with any other job. There would have been no arguments over the signal fire, Jacks tribe might well have not formed into its own dictatorship government, and all the kids would have been able to return home at the first passing of the ship. Research Papers on Qualities of Good Leadership - Humanities 4 Page EssayThe Hockey GameBringing Democracy to Africa19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayQuebec and CanadaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XTrailblazing by Eric AndersonHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionWhere Wild and West Meet

Elementary Reaction Definition

Elementary Reaction Definition Elementary Reaction Definition An elementary reaction is a chemical reaction where reactants form products in a single step with a single transition state. Elementary reactions may combine to form complex or nonelementary reactions. Elementary Reaction Examples Types of elementary reactions include: Unimolecular Reaction - a molecule rearranges itself, forming one or more products A → products examples: radioactive decay, cis-trans isomerization, racemization, ring opening, thermal decomposition Bimolecular Reaction - two particles collide to form one or more products. Bimolecular reactions are second-order reactions, where the rate of the chemical reaction depends on the concentration of the two chemical species that are the reactants. This type of reaction is common in organic chemistry. A A → products A B → products examples: nucleophilic substitution Termolecular Reaction - three particles collide at once and react with each other. Termolecular reactions are uncommon because its unlikely three reactants will simultaneously collide, under the right condition, to result in a chemical reaction. This type of reaction is characterized by: A A A → products A A B → products A B C → products Sources Gillespie, D.T. (2009). A diffusional bimolecular propensity function. The Journal of Chemical Physics  131, 164109.IUPAC. (1997). Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book).

Global Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Global Supply Chain Management - Essay Example Mollenkopf, et al. (2010) has discussed on the concept of the sustainable supply chain management system. The synchronization process of green, lean and global supply chain management processes have been discussed in the article. All the other journals have provided the different approaches of the supply chain management process. However, Mollenkopf, et al. has depicted a new concept that can maintain the ecological balances. The author has mentioned that, by reducing the carbon emissions and utilizing the natural gasses, the companies can progress towards the sustainable business practices. The author has also added that in order to deal with the competition of the global market, the companies are required to manage the supply chain processes effectively. The report highlights on the major issues of the supply chain management system. The issues such as inventory management, better networking, outsourcing etc. have been identified as the major challenges of the supply chain managers of the global firms. The report also concluded that sustainable business practices are the major concern for most of the global firms at present time. The discussions of the articles have also found that most of the companies have been focusing on collaborating the stages of the supply chain management system. Moreover, the authors have also stressed on TQM as a process of ensuring the quality parameter. Managing sustainable supply chain practices and the operational cost can be considered difficult tasks for the global managers.

Discussing the relationship between son and father Essay

Discussing the relationship between son and father - Essay Example The persona is helpless and this only explains the fact that the war in the World War II most affected the powerless in the region. Many themes are evident in this text such as; betrayal, resistance, collaboration and the relationship between father and son. The mood is somber because the persona hopes to save his family from the experience they all had with Holocaust but to his surprise, they are all gone. The group that was concerned with this form of inhumanity was referred to as â€Å"Nazis† and it supported the move by the Parisians. This group was made up of the Germans who were followers of Hitler. The Nazis were also against the existence of the Jewish in Paris hence, collaborated with the French policemen in order to destroy their existence. This was a form of betrayal by the Germans to the Jews since, they were neighbors in a foreign country but they still went ahead and collaborated with the natives in order to destroy them. All forms of inhuman activities are evide nt during this time and Eliezer cannot help but take the bull by its horn. He witnesses people being hang and burnt and he lives each day for his father. He says that the only thing that prevented him from dying was his father. This is because, without him, his father could not make it alone. However, it is ironic how some of the prisoners turn cruel just as the Nazis. The prisoners who are captives together with their fathers start mistreating their fathers for their survival. This relationship between a father and a son is supposed to be mutual but to Eliezer’s surprise, it is even worse than the relationship that can ever exist between two people not sharing blood. Eliezer narrates a story that involves three instances where the sons mistreat their father for their survival. In one instance, a son killed his father just to have a piece of bread to himself. This was uncouth because, just because the food that was offered to them was not enough, a son had to kill his father in order to save his own life. This happened when a German threw a piece of bread in the cattle truck the prisoners had been herded into during transportation. Another character referred to as, the son to Rabbi Eliahu is also seen abandoning his slow and weak father at the occurrence of a mad run for the purpose of increasing his chances that were left to save his life. In addition, Elizier also felt this form of burden through his father’s presence and that is why, he kept on fighting just to be alive for him. The live incidence when their fellow prisoners were hung in front of them was heartbreaking and saddening and in fact, this is what contributed to the hostile relations between fathers and sons (Wiesel, 2006). The sons starved to keep their lives going and since the presence of their father was a hindrance as they had to be reluctant in making any steps that might have left them behind, the only solution was to finish them completely. This was the highest degree of inh umanity. In this text, the author intertwines the past with the present to bring out the real meaning of the life that was experienced during the World War II in 1942. A story about a 10-year-old girl called Sarah; helps a journalist, Julia to uncover the true story about her husband’s family who are French. It is so sad to learn that the same people living in the modern world are the same people who mistreated

Conflict in Sri lanka Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Conflict in Sri lanka - Essay Example Recent absence of a full scale war and ceasefire had been of great value in this direction resulting in Government's concentrating on welfare measures and popular policies, much needed by the island country. It has also achieved the greatest goal of safeguarding quite a few innocent and misled lives. Unfortunately the violence has increased since then threatening to spread and spill over. When all other countries are marching towards better reforms, Sri Lanka had been languishing in civil war without any end or peace in sight and this aspect has literally put a stop to its further growth as a welfare state. The tropical island considered to be a paradise once is like a death trap today.. There were no doubt other players earlier in the Tamil insurgency and most of them were only demanding a better deal for the Tamilians, for which they were definitely entitled to. Today, Jafna area has only tamilians, while Srilankans avoid the region for fear of LTTE. The entire region is cordoned o ff by LTTE and is literally ruled by them. LTTE is facing the international accusation of recruiting children to its ranks, which is true. It is either feared or loved by local Tamilians and they help LTTE, willingly or under duress, by giving them information, saving them, running errands, keeping them informed of the army movements and thus, protecting them from every disaster. It is not easy to point out an exact date for the commencement of genesis of Tamil militancy. Tamil militancy in Srilanka has taken many forms and hues. Apart from a small minority of local Tamilians, a large number of Tamils migrated from the Southern Indian State of Tamilnadu (erstwhile Madras State) during British rule to work in the tea plantations of Ceylon (now Srilanka) and over the years, there set in a feeling that they had been conveniently and systematically ignored by the Government and rest of Srilankan population, politically and socially. Srilankan population had been predominantly Buddhists, a peace loving, friendly and cooperative lot, not very prone to frequent conflicts. With the tamilian youth being frustrated and disheartened, it was left to a charismatic leader to establish his sway over them and mould them not only into a fanatic fighting group, but also to establish personal supremacy and power and this is exactly what Vellupalli Prabhakaran did. There were cr ies and demands for a separate Eelam and Srilankan Government had put down such demands in a rather clumsy way earlier. When a terrorist movement was launched in 1970s, Srilankan Government was short-sighted enough to inflict loss of life, property, and atrocity on not only fighting Tamilians, but also on the innocent people, who had no aspirations of political supremacy. Tamilians were a minority, asking for their rights from the majority population of the country. Government was a bit undecided on the issue, as till then, Tamilians were seen more as a lower working class, than equal partners. Understandably, their demand for a sovereign region was put down. Tamilians made the mistake of asking for their legitimate demands mixed with a free Eelam. They would have been definitely successful, if they had asked only for the right to be considered and treated in par with the rest of the population. Government, disturbed by the Eelam demand, hesitated to give in, thinking if small deman ds were granted, bigger ones, especially the Eelam demand would follow and this

Global Marketing Strategy Is A Part Of Company Management Essay

Global Marketing Strategy Is A Part Of Company Management Essay Global marketing strategy is a part of companys whole corporate strategy and includes such issues as product positioning, branding policies, selection of target markets and modes for entering to, which media to use for promotional campaigns, and so on. A global marketing plan is a way for guiding the overall route of global campaigns. It requires to include choices regarding media combinations, whether to use a marketing agency and, if so, for which purposes and to what degree, and whether to challenge or sidestep from competitors when operating in overseas markets. Corporate and global marketing strategies are closely intertwined (Bennett Blythe 2002, p.15). Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is an American  international  retail company that has number of department stores and warehouse stores in USA and worldwide. It is the worlds largest retailor and third largest multination company. It has more than 8,500 stores in 15 different of the world. It works in different countries with different names.   LuLu Hypermarkets, is Gulf based retail stores and considers as a trend setter of the retail industry in  GCC including Qatar. Nowadays, LuLu represents excellence retailing with number stores and has been an immediate success with the perceptive shoppers across the country. Multinational corporations including Wal-Mart want to quickly access the international market and exploit the opportunities in the rapidly growing economies such as Qatar (Cullen Parboteeah 1999, pp.133-135). Takeover the Lulu will give the quick and complete access to the Qatars growing economy. By acquisition of Lulu, Wal-Mart can expend its international operations. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (Wal-Mart), started on October 31, 1969, is an American multinational company, runs retail stores in various layouts around the world. Companys pricing philosophy is to provide products to customer at lowest possible price. The Companys works in three corporate divisions: the Wal-Mart U.S. segment, the Wal-Mart International segment, and the Sams Club segment. In fiscal year 2012, Wal-Mart U.S. segment generated approximately 60% of its net sales from number of its stores in all 50 states in USA and Puerto Rico, as well as Wal-Marts online selling activities. Wal-Mart International division involves in retail activities in 26 different countries. During fiscal 2012, this overseas division produced about 28% of its net sales. The Wal-Mart Worldwide segment comprises a variety of layouts of retail stores, restaurants and online selling, which function outside the USA (Wal-Mart  n.d. online) The Corporation is involved in the retail activities located all over the United States; its entirely retained firms in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan and the United Kingdom; its majority retained holdings in Chile, Mexico, 12 countries in Africa, and five countries in Central America. The retail giant has joint ventures in India and the China and some fully owned subsidiaries. The Wal-Mart U.S. division contains the Firms mass mercantile idea under the Wal-Mart or Wal-Mart brand. The Wal-Mart Global segment involves of the Businesss operations outside of the USA. The primarily listed on the NYSE, but it is also traded on 13 other exchanges in 6 different countries. From many years Wal-Mart Stores Inc. revenue is growing. Last year it grew at 4.97% from 446.95bn to 469.16bn while net income improved 8.28% from 15.70bn to 17.00bn. LuLu Hypermarket LuLu Hypermarket, the retail division of the multidimensional EMKE Group has always been recognised as a trend setter of the retail industry in Arab region. LuLu shopping centres are modern and adding all possible requirements of the customers under one roof. LuLu Hypermarkets have widely arranged out counters, extensive parking spaces, play zones for kids, food places, money conversation and bank counters as well a display of global and local products appropriately justifying details. It is the most preferable shopping place in Qatar. SWOT Analysis: An overview: SWOT analysis is a scan of internal and external environment of an organization and a vital part of the strategic planning process and decision making. Environmental factors internally touches to the firm usually classified as strengths (S) or weaknesses (W) whereas those externally affects to the firm can be said as opportunities (O) or threats (T) . An organizations strengths are its means and competences that can be used to develop a competitive benefit whereas lack of these capabilities may be looked as weaknesses. The external environmental analysis tells us about the availability of new opportunities for income and progression in to new and existing market. All the external factors which can affect organisation performance are regarded as threats (Johnson et al. 2011, p74). SWOT Analysis of Wal-Mart: Strength Wal-Mart Stores, Inc is the world largest    global retail corporation. It runs hundreds of discount department stores, hypermarkets, supermarket, grocery stores and warehouse in different region of the world. According to the  Fortune Global 500  list in 2012 this multinational giant was ranked as third largest corporation in the world. The company is also leading private employer  in the international market having more than two million employees. The operations of the corporation are wide spread and there is no international competitor of this size (Wal-Mart Stores, online) One of the core competences of the Wal-Mart is to use the information technology and software to maintain its international logistics system. For instance, it can be seen how distinct goods execute in different countries, within one country and store-by-store at one look. In addition to the retail market controller, it has the ability of repeating its greatest activities frequently around the  globe. Wal-Mart has a very good standing for worth for money, accessibility and a wide-ranging range product portfolio all in at one place. This competitive advantage has created its constructive financial success and market share globally. Moreover, its leading position and the diversity of products permits it to rapidly differentiate the products, which allows it to encounter the demand and give benefits from increased trades. This kind of elasticity and impact enables it to uphold its dominant market position (Farhoomand Wang, 2006). Weaknesses Wal-Mart is a huge  vendor and runs hypermarkets which need large space for existing and every new stock. This restricts its growth in inner-city areas where limited space is available. It has been seen its sales in USA have reduced for eight constant quarters because of availability of less space. Therefore, it has become more essential for Wal-Mart to originate new set up which helps to increase its revenue and which is more appropriate to the city areas. Its competitors such as Tesco are planning to come up with such new strategy of market place to cater more and more segments of customer. If they accomplish to be successful in the market then Wal-Mart will likely to have a competitive disadvantage. Wal-Mart sells many low price products but customers often concerned about the quality of products. Many times it involved in non-compliance to environmental dispute which cost the company huge sums of money (Mujtaba Maxwell, 2011) Opportunities Wal-Mart has been growing its presence in emerging economies such as India, china and Brazil. It is estimated that due to rapid economic growth, consumers in these countries developing would have double by 2015. Therefore, this will create a great opportunity for  Wal-Mart for its international growing trend. Growth of ecommerce and buying through the internet is a big opportunity in future because this way of shopping will increase in future. Bad economic period is not over in many countries and people are still looking for cheap products (Kumar, 2008). Threats: The cost of making many consumer goods has fallen due to lower manufacturing costs. Production cost has dropped due to contracting out these products to low-cost regions of the World. This has led to price war, resulting in decreasing the price to very low level. Strong price competition in the global market a great threat to companys profitability. Local vendors do not welcome the arrival of Wal-Mart and it can face strong opposition. Rivalry from local stores is likely to increase as travel costs to Wal-Mart stores have been increased due to increase in fuel prices (Mujtaba Maxwell, 2011). Concept of Internationalisation: Internationalisation can be well-defined as the process and resources that businesses take part themselves into the foreign environments particularly overseas countries, cultures, beliefs or international structure of manufacture and marketing. According to Welch Luostarinen (1988) internationalisation is the procedure of external incremental drive in global operations. They propose seven extents for determining firms internationalisation: foreign operation methods, organizational structure, personnel, sales objectives, target markets, organizational capacity and finance. In the opinion of Penrose (1995), internationalisation is the direction of international business communication to encourage customers and clients to have chance and multiple choices of products that fulfil their requirements all around the globe. Through the business contact of these products or intangible services, firms sell goods all around the world. Those business actions that include more than two nations or stride more than two state boundaries can be called internationalised business no matter they are worked by the private company or the governmental firm. Internationalisation or globalization is the progression that organisations change business into international dimensions because of the global rivalry, the market growth and multination operation (Chetty Campbell 2004) Internationalisation Drivers: Generally globalization, technology advances and increased competition are the factors motivating firms to go into foreign markets. Thus, many multinational companies are motivated to operate worldwide and overlooking the national boundaries. It is acceptable to argue that drives to in to foreign markets differ from business to business. They may also depend on organisations functioning in diverse industries, from different national background and under dissimilar trade and industry systems. In addition to this, inspiration to go for internationalisation may also varies for firms because of their size, time period and strategy (Morrison,2006. P136). According to Slater Narver (1994) motivations of nay firm can be examined by considering the three key elements: internal and external environment, product and market situation. Luo (2000) argue that Capability possession is essentially important to gain competitive benefits and define firm-level approaches to exploit these advantages. He further says that to get the competitive rewards in the host country which cannot be attained at home is the major inspiration for the organisation to go overseas. International is essential to exploit the opportunities in emerging markets. Capability advancement is vital to the evolutionary growth of viable advantages and generating different packs of resources. Competent advantage is a needed for continued success in todays world economy categorised by growing technological advancement and business globalization. C:UsersDELLDocumentsInternational BusinessISMMy Assignment1-s2.0-S1090951600000432-gr1.jpg Figure 1.  Dynamic Capabilities in International Expansion: An Integrated Model. Source: Luo, Yadong (2000) Internationalisation is an attempt by an organization to make variations in its product and market approach. An internationalised company gather experience and knowledge through the globalised process. Many corporations prefer to go in other countries when there is an economic crisis in at home, whereas overseas market is emerging fast. When local clienteles are rushing overseas, firms follow to join in the global struggle in order that they do not lose these customers. Some companies also react to the penetration of external firms into the home market. Many firms take experimental decision towards the intercontinental market (Evers Menkhoff 2004). Firms may go into other countries to seek opportunities in foreign market. For instance, the globalisation of many Japanese companies was driven by the growth of domestic market. Many western and USA businesses are inspired by Chinas potentially vast market, less labour expenses and advancement of technology (Buckley et al., 2002). Why Invest in Qatar: Qatar is flourished from many years with constant high real GDP growth rate. It has worlds highest per-capital income in the world with the lowest unemployment rate. The country economy relies on its massive Oil and gas reserves. Now Qatar is taking advantage of its revenues from oil and gas in other economic sectors in order to expand its economic base and develop a strong private sector. Qatar is an active member of the World Trade organisation, Qatar has opened other segments of the economy to overseas investors and has flexible  investing policy.  Qatars successful 2022 world cup bid will also speed up the economic growth in the country (Qatar, 2013, online). For international companies, Qatar has much attraction such as: Modern network of roads and ports, as well as a state of the art airport Developed telecommunication network Peace and security with very low rate of crimes Political stable environment No discrimination for foreign investor and legal protection Land can be leased on nominal price Qatar exchange provides liquidity and numerous investment instruments through implementing world best practices Other incentives for international companies include sponsored or minimal rates for gas and electricity, no import duty on equipment, machine and spare parts for manufacturing schemes, tax exemptions on business and no export duty among others. Other benefits for employees include tax free wages, brilliant medical and educational facilities and highly advance telecommunication facilities (Qatars Investment Environment, n.d. online). Mode of Entry: Decisions regarding the means of an organizations entry to specific foreign markets are amongst the utmost important that its management will ever have to take. When an entrance mode in to host market has been selected, its execution has important inferences for a wide range of global marketing concerns. Certainly, a companys whole international marketing package might be significantly determined by how it selects to enter into foreign states. Thus, time and effort necessarily be dedicated to the decision-taking procedure, and widespread market investigation may be involve. In most of the circumstances the choice to enter a new market is a long-standing strategic choice. Thus it is a very vital and key step for corporations. The success of a companys global tasks depends greatly on the choice of entrance mode into a new market (Doole, 2008, p231) The OLI or eclectic approach to the study of foreign direct investment (FDI) developed by John Dunning is a particularly useful way of thinking about multinational enterprises (MNEs) and has motivated a great deal of useful work in economics and international business. According to this model a corporation must own three benefits while taking into account entry in a foreign market. These include ownership, location and internalization (Dunning, 1988). These benefits are the key source of inspiration and define the FDI firms entry strategy into new market. OLI stands for Ownership, Location, and Internalization, three potential sources of benefit that may motivate a firms choice to enter into international market. Ownership advantages discuss of why some companies but not others go overseas and propose that a successful international organisation has some firm-specific benefits which allow it to overcome the operational costs in a foreign country. Location advantages stress on the examination of where a firm chooses to locate. Finally, Internalisation states to the best interest of the businesses having ownership benefits to transfer them across national boundaries inside the company, rather than selling them or the right to use them to foreign firms (Buckley, 2011). Internet: The Internet is a new and innovative way to access the markets all around the globe for many organisations. There are many companies that have emerged as the Internet has advanced, as well as many old companies have adopted this new approach. For some corporations the Internet is an additional channel that improves or replaces their old-style networks. In any case internet has provided many new ways of business in the whole world (Palmer, 2012). Exporting: There are  two ways of exporting: direct  and  indirect. Direct exporting is straightforward. The firm creates an obligation to market in host country on its own behalf. I this way company can have better grip over its product and tasks in the foreign market. Other way of exporting is to employ agency at home which will handle all the exporting activities on the behalf of manufacture to get its product into and this way of exporting is called indirect export (Zahra et al 2000) Franchising: A overseas company take on the parents companys whole business setup in the local market and its name, logos, business approaches, premises, etc The franchisor also offers in return for a royalty and fee, a range of additional management facilities including training, practical advice and even financial assistance (Bennet 1999, p.312). Licensing In licensing, businesses signs an agreements with external businesses, which is also called license that permit the overseas firms to officially produce and sell the  companys goods and services. The foreign corporations will either buy the license and pay regular licensing fee or pay a part of their income over which is also called royalty. A lot manufacturing firms use this way to enter into foreign markets. It provides quick and inexpensive way of market entry, but provides them less control in market (Bennett Blythe 2002, p203) Joint Venture Joint Venture has become most popular mode of entry in past couple of decades. In this mode of entry two  businesses combine resources to sell products or services. Though joint ventures provide foreign companies with a partner knowledgeable in the foreign market, these partnerships can be problematic to manage and need a distribution of incomes (Cateora et al, 1999, ) Overseas Manufacturing or Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) A company may choose that none of the other choices are as feasible as completely possessing a  foreign business. The firm can invests directly into the overseas market. This is also identified as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The companies establish new business or might buy a current business that is suitable for his mission and strategic objective in the overseas market. The key advantage of this approach is that company becomes local and company can meet the demand and choice of the customer by gaining local market knowledge. The major drawback of this mode of entry is that it requires huge investment and investment risk involved in it (Shankar Luo 2007, p.297). Assessment of Modes of Entry in Qatar: Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is an American  multinational  retail corporation that has number of department stores and warehouse stores. The company is worlds largest retailor and third largest multination organisation. It has more than 8,500 stores in 15 different of the world. It works in different countries with different names.   It runs in Mexico as  Walmex, in the UK as  Asda, in Japan as  Seiyu. It has recently started his business in India as Best Price. It has entirely owned subsidiaries in Argentina, Brazil, and Canada. LuLu Hypermarkets, is Gulf based retail stores and consider as a trend setter of the retail industry in  GCC including Qatar. Nowadays, LuLu represents excellence retailing with number stores and has been an immediate success with the perceptive shoppers across the country. In case of franchising a companys name, logos, business approaches and premises is compulsory to produce and market products or services. Where as in licensing, businesses sign contracts with external firm that permit the foreign firms to officially produce and sell the  companys goods and services. But these modes of entry are not feasible for Wal-Mart and LuLu. One corporation is global giant where as other has excellent position in the local market and they does not need to share the resources of each other. The purpose of the Wal-Mart is international expansion and gets the strategic advantage by getting into of worlds fastest growing economy. Product quality levels and lower revenues are major problems of licensing and franchising (Bennet 1999, pp.311-312).In Joint ventures organisation cannot take any particular choice independently. However, fast decisions are needed in ever changing international market. Conflicts are quite common in joint ventures and this monde of entry w ould also be not acceptable by Wal-Mart to enter into Qatar. Wal-Mart Strategic Takeover of Lulu Hypermarket (Assumption): Assumption: Wal-Mart will completely take over the lulu-Hypermarket after buying its 100% stake. Wal-Mart management will take over the full control and make independent decision. The Lulu-Hypermarket will work under the same name in the market only adding a part of Wal-Mart family. Now it will work under the management of worlds largest retailer with plenty of experience and skills in retailing. http://www.jeddahpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/lulu_hypermarket_jeddah.jpg A Part of Wal-Mart Family As a worlds leading retailer and having plenty of resources, Wal-Mart has the ability to buy the 100% stake of Lulu hypermarket and can make it its wholly owned subsidiary as it did about 13 years ago to enter into UK market by acquiring the ASDA. The Wal-Mart can enter into Qatar by using the same approach. This mode of entry is considered to be best when demand for the product seems to be certain. This market entry mode shows that the company has long term strategic plan. By owning LULU hypermarket, Wal-Mart can have following advantages (Bennett Blythe, 2002, p212): lower cost of production Local technical expertise and market knowledge Grants from Government Trained Staff Competitive Advantage Retailing have long-standing market potential in a comparatively politically stable state such as Qatar then having full possession will offer the level of control which is necessary to fully meet the companys strategic marketing intentions. This strategy is a tool to build a build an influential and strong presence in the global markets over a long period of time. In future the Wal-Mart can have huge market share and large profits in Qatari market, but this will not realised overnight. The Wal-Mart has to wait to become the market leader in the country. Sometimes it takes many years gaining an understanding of the local markets, customers and competition before making a major success in the market (Hitt et al 1995). Many multinational companies like Wal-Mart considering for speedy access to market and generate short term by exploiting the opportunity in the growing economy (Cullen Parboteeah 1999, pp.133-135). Takeover to Lulu Hypermarket will give the quick and complete access to the Qatars growing economy. Acquisition of Lulu will provide instant access to a skilled work force, existing customer and established supplier links, recognised brands to the customer, an established distribution network and a direct source of revenue. International Marketing: According to Griffith Hoppner (2013) marketing managers from all over the world are be aware of the growing requirement for their companies to improve the expertise, abilities and familiarity to enter effectively in global markets. The rise of a more open global market, the globalisation of buyer choices and the rapid growth of Internet, all has increased the interdependency and interconnections of countrys economies around the world. The Chartered Institute of Marketing defines marketing as the Management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably (Dann, 2010). Thus, marketing includes (Doole Lowe 2008, p.5): concentrating on the customer demands recognising the best way of customer satisfaction companys motivation to the process of providing that satisfaction Meeting organisational goals In international marketing the strategic components of this structure still apply and the conceptual structure is not going to alter to any noticeable degree when a firm moves into a foreign market. However, there are two key differences. First, there are different planes through which global marketing can be approached and, second, the uncontrollable circumstances of the international marketing environment. Therefore, international marketing is more complex, multidimensional and challenging (Doole Lowe 2008, pp.5-7). The Marketing Environment in Qatar: There are many environmental analysis models available to analysis the marketing environment of specific country. SLEPT approach is one of these and commonly used international marketing environment analysis through the social/cultural, legal, economic, political and technological dimension. http://cdn.grin.com/images/preview-object/document.114088/cadd82efe20d90c01ea65576b8a5c001_LARGE.png (Doole Lowe 2008, p.7) Social/cultural environment The social and cultural impacts on global marketing are vast. Changes in social circumstances, religion and way of living all have emotional impact on customers observations and purchases behaviour. These differences tell us that consumers across the globe either similar or different and defines the possible universal branding and standardisation. Cultural variances and particularly language changes and religious differences have a major effect on the way a product may be used in a market, such as product name and the advertising campaign (De Mooij, 2010,pp.31-37).  Wal-Mart is going to enter into a country where native language is Arabic. It would have to make sure that all the information about products also be given in Arabic. So that customer can have full facts about product. Another important aspect is that all the products must be halal and fulfil the requirement of Islamic law. These products particularly include meat and dairy or those in which these are used as ingredients. When any company transfers into another nation, it deals with people from different social environments and background. Social values that are important to one community may mean little to another. Existence of all these substantial differences must be kept in mind while making marketing strategy in new country. As the economy of Qatar is growing rapidly people love to go outside for shopping. For Wal-Mart, this social trend of shopping would definitely be helpful to get competitive advantage in the economy. People in Doha are always looking for those places where they can find everything at same place. Legal Environment: The host Countrys legal environment affects the international marketing operations of firms in many ways. A good manager will analyse the legal environment of the country in which the firm is going to operate (Jain, 1989). Good news for Wal-Mart is that is that Qatar has NO taxes. The country is tax free and very attractive place to invest. It can sell thousands of products on very cheap prices. Government of Qatar has made very flexible rule to invest in the country for international companies. Political Environment: Multinational companies such as Wal-Mart usually prefer to invest in a country with a stable and friendly government (Williams, 2006). But such ideal business environment is not easy to find particular in Arab region. But in Qatar the situation is entirely different. Qatari Government is stable and very strong. There is no political dispute or protest reported in recent years as it is happened in other countries of the same region. Economic Environment: The macro as well as micro components of economy has a significant impact on international marketing strategy. Qatar is growing from several years with continuous high real GDP growth rate which has made it a country with highest per capital income. Qatars economy depends on its enormous resources of oil and gas. Peoples living standard and purchasing power are very high. In such economic circumstances Wal-Mart has plenty of business opportunities in Qatar. Basically, the microeconomic environment concerns more with competition in the open market of a country (Jain, 1996, p.189-195). After taking over LULU-Hypermarket, Wal-Mart would not have any significant competitor in the market. Its purpose is international expansion in this way it can quickly expand its business in the region. Technological Environment: The influence of technological developments can be seen in all areas marketing. The capability to collect information on marketplaces, organisation control abilities and the feasibilities of carrying out the business globally have been modernised in recent years with the advances IT and telecommunication (Wilson Gilligan, 2012, pp.145-147). Qatar is a significant joining link in the world telecommunications system. In recent years, it has made outstanding development in the fields of communications, broadcasting, delivery services, roads airports and sea ports which make Qatar an excellent place to invest. Marketing mix: Wal-Mart pricing Strategy: Pricing is a most critical and composite variable in foreign marketing plans. Pricing strategy finally decides a companys capability to remain in an overseas market. The uncertainties in market or economy which are very difficult to predict such as production costs, demand, competition and many other factors fluctuate international price (Ferrell Hartline, 2010, pp.230). International pricing has several processes and complications. In case of Wal-Mart, its corporate headquarter in USA will make all the pricing decisions. Different price-setting tactics are open to them. But before making any decision they would need complete market research and a number of factors effect pricing policies including competitor approach in the market, dumping, and leasing. Marketing managers would work with their abilities through all these composite variables (Jain, 1996, pp.482) Why should people Buy in Qatar from Wal-Mart: A proposed Model Different Low Cost Focus on Niche Market Source: Made by student himself The international objective of Wal-Mart is to have retail prices at lowest possible cost and the corporation has been very successful to get this goal in the international market. A person can at least 15 present by shopping in Wal-Mart. Its excellent corporate culture and availability of advance technical expertise coupled with professionalism make it possible to achieve its ultimate goal of providing the lowest prices possible in the international market. Wal-Mart should ente